Contents

Chapter I : GRAMMAR ................................................................................................................... 5

Lesson 1 : VERB TENSES ............................................................................................................ 5

1. The simple tenses ............................................................................................................. 5

2. The continuous tenses ...................................................................................................... 7

3. The perfect tenses ............................................................................................................ 8

4. The Perfect Continuous tenses ....................................................................................... 8

Exercises ...................................................................................................................................... 9

Lesson 2 : CONDITIONAL ........................................................................................................ 14

1. Conditional type zero .................................................................................................... 14

2. Conditional Type 1 ........................................................................................................ 14

3. Conditional type 2 .......................................................................................................... 15

4. Conditional type 3 .......................................................................................................... 15

Exercises .................................................................................................................................... 16

Lesson 3: REVIEW OF PRONOUNS ................................................................................................. 18

1. Subject pronoun ............................................................................................................. 18

2. Object Pronoun .............................................................................................................. 18

3. Reflexive pronouns ........................................................................................................ 19

4. Possessive adjective ........................................................................................................ 19

5. Possessive pronoun ......................................................................................................... 19

6. Demonstrative Pronouns ................................................................................................. 20

Exercises .................................................................................................................................... 20

Lesson 4 : COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ................................................................ 22

1. Comparative ................................................................................................................... 22 a. Comparative of superiority .......................................................................................... 22 b. Comparative of inferiority ........................................................................................... 23 c. Comparative of equality ................................................................................................... 23 2. Superlative ..................................................................................................................... 23 Exercice: ................................................................................................................................... 23

Lesson 5 : QUANTIFIER ............................................................................................................ 23

1. Much- many- little- few- a lot- plenty .......................................................................... 23

2. ‘Some’ or ‘any’ ............................................................................................................... 25

Exercises .................................................................................................................................... 25

Lesson 6 : COMPOUND ADJECTIVES ................................................................................... 27

1. What is an adjective? ..................................................................................................... 27

2. Steps in forming compound adjectives ........................................................................ 28

Lesson 7 : ORDER OF ADJECTIVES ...................................................................................... 31

ESUM NY NOSY Andrianirina M. 3

Lesson 8 : PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE AND ADVERBS OF MOVEMENT ................... 33 Exercise ..................................................................................................................................... 35

Lesson 9 : SENTENCE CONNECTORS ................................................................................... 36

1. Similarity................................................................................................................................ 36

2. Contrast.................................................................................................................................. 36

3. Result ...................................................................................................................................... 37

4. Addition and listing ............................................................................................................... 37

5. Time ........................................................................................................................................ 38

6. Exemplification...................................................................................................................... 38

7. Particularization.................................................................................................................... 38

8. Explanation ............................................................................................................................ 38

9. Emphasis ................................................................................................................................ 39

10. Refutation ........................................................................................................................... 39

11. Reformulation .................................................................................................................... 39

12. Correction .......................................................................................................................... 39

13. Transition ........................................................................................................................... 39

14. Alternative .......................................................................................................................... 40

15. Negative condition ............................................................................................................. 40

16. Summation/ Conclusion .................................................................................................... 40

17. Other Sentence Connectors .............................................................................................. 40

Exercises .................................................................................................................................... 41

Chapter II : LANGUAGE FUNCTION......................................................................................... 42

Lesson 1 : AGREEING AND DISAGREEING ......................................................................... 42

1. Expressions for agreeing ............................................................................................... 42

2. How to disagree politely ................................................................................................ 42

Lesson 2 : ADVISING AND OPINIONS ................................................................................... 43

1. Asking for advice ........................................................................................................... 43

2. Ways to ask for someone’s opinion .............................................................................. 43

3. Giving opinions .............................................................................................................. 44

Lesson 3 : APOLOGIZING ........................................................................................................ 44

1. Examples of letters for apologizing .............................................................................. 44

2. How to accept an apology ? ........................................................................................... 45

Lesson 4 : LET’S TALK ABOUT YOUR TOWN .................................................................... 45

Chapter III : NOTION OF BUSINESS ......................................................................................... 49

Lesson 1 : VOCABULARIES AND EXPRESSIONS ............................................................... 49

Lesson 2 : ECONOMIC ACTIVITY .......................................................................................... 56

Exercises .................................................................................................................................... 57

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Chapter IV : BUSINESS LETTER ................................................................................................ 59

Lesson 1 : E-MAIL ....................................................................................................................... 59

Lesson 2 : LETTER WRITING .................................................................................................. 60

Lesson 3 : WRITING A CV ........................................................................................................ 62 EXERCISES : Text and comprehension ....................................................................................... 63

ENGLISH PROVERBS ................................................................................................................... 66

Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................... 69